How to Apply for Unemployment Insurance and What Are the Rules

O unemployment insurance It is one of the most important benefits for workers who have been unfairly dismissed.

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It offers temporary financial assistance, helping professionals to support themselves while they look for a new job in the job market.

However, many people still have doubts about how to apply for unemployment insurance and what are the requirements to be entitled to the benefit.

In this article, we will explain all the details you need to access this right quickly and effectively.

What is Unemployment Insurance?

Unemployment insurance is a benefit guaranteed by the Federal Constitution. Its objective is to support formal workers who have lost their jobs without just cause, guaranteeing financial assistance for a specific period.

It is administered by the Ministry of Labor and Social Security and functions as social protection to maintain the dignity and economic stability of workers.

Who is entitled to Unemployment Insurance?

To know if you qualify, it is essential to know the rules established by the program. You will be entitled to the benefit if:

  1. He was dismissed without just cause.
  2. Worked under the CLT (Consolidation of Labor Laws) regime.
  3. Completed the minimum period of work required. This period varies depending on the number of times the benefit was requested:
    • First request: Minimum of 12 months worked in the last 18 months.
    • Second request: Minimum of 9 months worked in the last 12 months.
    • Other requests: Minimum of 6 months worked before dismissal.

Furthermore, you cannot be receiving other social security benefits of a continuing nature, such as retirement.

How to Apply for Unemployment Insurance?

Unemployment insurance can be applied for in person or online. Below, we explain the steps for each of these options:

1. In-person request

To apply for the benefit in person, you must go to a SINE (National Employment System) agency or a Regional Labor Superintendence with the following documentation:

  • Official identification document with photo (RG or CNH);
  • CPF;
  • Employment and Social Security Card (CTPS);
  • Unemployment insurance application, provided by the employer at the time of dismissal;
  • Termination of employment contract.

The attendant will check your data and register the request in the system. After analysis, you will be informed about the approval or rejection of the benefit.

2. Online application (via app or website)

A more practical and agile way is to make the request online. The process can be done through the app Digital Work Card or on the website gov.br.

Step by step to request via the app:

  1. Download the app Digital Work Card on your cell phone.
  2. Access the application with your login gov.br (if you do not have an account, you will need to create an account).
  3. From the main menu, select the “Benefits” option and then “Apply for Unemployment Insurance.”
  4. Fill in the requested information and attach the application provided by the employer.
  5. Wait for the analysis. The status of your order can be tracked in the app itself.

Advantages of ordering online:

  • Avoid queues and travel.
  • Provides greater agility in processing.
  • Allows access to real-time monitoring.

How many installments can I receive?

The number of unemployment insurance installments varies according to the time worked and the number of times the benefit was requested. See the conditions:

  • First request: From 4 to 5 installments, depending on the time worked.
  • Second request: From 3 to 5 installments.
  • Other requests: From 3 to 5 installments.

The value of each installment is calculated based on the average salary of the last three months prior to dismissal.

Important Rules for Unemployment Insurance

There are some essential rules that you need to know to ensure that you receive the benefit. Here are the main points:

  1. Deadline for application:
    • You have until 120 days after dismissal to apply for unemployment insurance. If you miss this deadline, you will not be able to apply for the benefit.
  2. Enrollment requirement for qualification courses:
    • Depending on your profile analysis, you may be required to enroll in professional qualification courses offered by the government.
  3. Prohibition of accumulation of benefits:
    • It is not permitted to accumulate unemployment insurance with other benefits, such as retirement or sickness benefit.
  4. Active job search:
    • The program may require you to demonstrate efforts to obtain a new job position.

When can unemployment insurance be denied?

The unemployment insurance claim may be denied in some situations, such as:

  • Inconsistent information in the documents presented;
  • If the worker is formally employed in another location;
  • If there is signs of fraud or falsification of documents;
  • If the deadline for requesting has been exceeded.

In these cases, the applicant can go to the Regional Labor Superintendence to file an appeal and prove their right to the benefit.

How to track the status of the request?

After placing your order, you can track the status of your request via the website or app. gov.br. The system will inform you whether the benefit has been approved or if there are any pending issues that need to be resolved.

To access, follow these steps:

  1. Enter the website or application Digital Work Card.
  2. Log in with your CPF and password.
  3. Click on “Benefits” and then “Unemployment Insurance.”
  4. Check the updated status.

Tips to avoid problems when applying

To increase your chances of approval, follow these tips:

  1. Make sure all documents are complete and correct.
  2. Keep your data up to date in the government registry.
  3. Don't leave your request until the last minute. Apply for the benefit as soon as possible.

Now that you know How to apply for unemployment insurance and what are the rules, it is important to act quickly to guarantee your rights.

This benefit is an essential tool, providing temporary financial stability and allowing you to focus on planning your next professional steps, whether looking for a job, investing in training or analyzing other opportunities.

Please remember that the deadline for applications is up to 120 days after dismissal, so organize your documents and, if possible, use the Digital Work Card application to speed up the process.

Track the status of your order to avoid delays and ensure everything goes as expected.

Take advantage of this period to improve your skills and increase your chances of being reemployed.

Training courses and improving your CV can make a difference. Unemployment insurance is not just financial assistance, but a chance to prepare for new challenges.

If you are facing this transition phase, don't waste time! Apply for your benefit, use the available resources and focus on building a solid professional future. Believe in your ability to overcome challenges!

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